This Day…

1431 – Joan of Arc is accused of relapsing into heresy by donning male clothing again, providing justification for her execution

1937 – Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco opens to pedestrians

1915 – Thomas Edison invents telescribe to record telephone conversations.

1881 – American Red Cross founded by Clara Barton

1911 – The first American criminal conviction that was based on fingerprint evidence occurred in New York City.

1929 – 1st Academy Awards: “Wings”, Emil Jannings and Janet Gaynor win

1931 – Singer Kate Smith begins her long-running association with CBS radio, various programs continue until 1945.

1872 – Jesse James‘ gang robs a bank of $1,500 in Columbia, Kentucky, killing bank employee Robert A.C. Martin during the crime

1954 – Mass trials of Jonas Salk‘s anti-polio vaccine begin; the first shot is delivered in Fairfax County, Virginia; more than 443,000 children receive shots over three months

1896 – Fight in Central Dance Hall starts fire at Cripple Creek, Colorado